In other parts of the world, eggplants are known as aubergine or brinjal. The plant and fruit have a profusion of English names. It is widely cultivated for its fruit, commonly eaten as a vegetable. Quite often, cooking is necessary to make the parts edible. [25] Bāḏinjān is itself a loan-word in Arabic, whose earliest traceable origins lie in the Dravidian languages. Perhaps the best-known Turkish eggplant dishes are imam bayıldı (vegetarian) and karnıyarık (with minced meat). [33] Bt brinjal was approved for commercial cultivation in Bangladesh in 2013.[34]. The stem is often spiny. Arugula (Eruca sativa) If you want to add a mustardy, tangy flavor to salads, give Arugula a try. Author has 1.7K answers and 3.2M answer views. From Greek, the word was borrowed into Italian and medieval Latin, and onwards into French. If you are on a personal connection, like at home, you can run an anti-virus scan on your device to make sure it is not infected with malware. An example of it use is in the dish hasamiyaki (挟み焼き) in which slices of eggplant are grilled and filled with a meat stuffing. Eggplant can be steamed, stir-fried, pan fried, deep fried, barbecued, roasted, stewed, curried, or pickled. The eggplant was sometimes considered a variety violaceum of that species. [44] However the most popular eggplant dish is tortang talong, an omelette made from grilling an eggplant, dipping it into beaten eggs, and pan-frying the mixture. Growers typically cut fruits from the vine just above the calyx owing to the somewhat woody stems. They are known as talong and is widely used in many stew and soup dishes, like pinakbet. Place the soil in a loose manner into your pot, but make sure that it is not getting compressed. Broccoli is a plant, but the edible parts humans consume are unopened flowers. Elsewhere in China, such as in Yunnan cuisine (in particular the cuisine of the Dai people) they are barbecued or roasted, then split and either eaten directly with garlic, chilli, oil and coriander, or the flesh is removed and pounded to a mash (typically with a wooden pestle and mortar) before being eaten with rice or other dishes. This fruit is also used to make appetizers and salads. An actual S. violaceum, an unrelated plant described by Ortega, included Dunal's S. amblymerum and was often confused with the same author's S. Lesser-Known Vegetables. These leaves are edible and may be eaten cooked or fresh, or used as a garnish. Many eggplant dishes are sauces made by mashing the cooked fruit. [47] Another popular dish is adobong talong, which is diced eggplant prepared with vinegar, soy sauce, and garlic as an adobo. It can be stuffed. Parsley roots. Whether natural or man-made, edible landscapes are definitely going to play a huge role in the future of gardening. Roasted, skinned, mashed, mixed with onions, tomatoes, and spices, and then slow cooked gives the South Asian dish baingan bharta or gojju, similar to salată de vinete in Romania. Chinese cultivars are commonly shaped like a narrower, slightly pendulous cucumber. Schuhmacher and Peter Thonning named the eggplant as S. edule, which is also a junior synonym of sticky nightshade (S. sisymbriifolium). Four years should separate successive crops of eggplants to reduce pest pressure. Translated into English as 'mad-apple', 'rage-apple', or 'raging apple', this name for eggplants is attested from 1578 and the form 'mad-apple' may still be found in Southern American English. Brinjal seeds germinate one to two weeks after sowing. Oval or elongated oval-shaped and black-skinned cultivars include 'Harris Special Hibush', 'Burpee Hybrid', 'Bringal Bloom', 'Black Magic', 'Classic', 'Dusky', and 'Black Beauty'. The flowers and leaves can be poisonous if consumed in large quantities due to the presence of solanine. Many of the pests and diseases that afflict other solanaceous plants, such as tomato, capsicum, and potato, are also troublesome to eggplants. The fruit can be up to 20cm long in cultivated plants[200]. It is a good source of vitamin C and potassium[201]. Tsao and Lo in "Vegetables: Types and Biology". Cloudflare Ray ID: 5fba10eb4e13ef55 In English usage, modern names deriving from Arabic bāḏinjān include: All the aubergine-type names have the same origin, in the Dravidian languages. Green or purple cultivars with white striping also exist. Individuals who are atopic (genetically predisposed to developing certain allergic hypersensitivity reactions) are more likely to have a reaction to eggplant, which may be because eggplant is high in histamines. The aforementioned watermelon rind. The less common white varieties of eggplant are also known as Easter white eggplants, garden eggs, Casper or white eggplant. Typically used as a vegetable in cooking, it is a berry by botanical definition. [10] It has been cultivated in southern and eastern Asia since prehistory. "'egg-plant, n." OED Online, Oxford University Press, July 2018, Unless otherwise stated, material in this section derives from. Vegetable Common Edible Parts Other Edible Parts Beans, snap pod with seeds leaves Beans, lima seeds pods, leaves Beets root leaves Broccoli flower leaves, flower stem Carrot root leaves As a member of the genus Solanum, it is related to the tomato and potato. Flower stem (not just the florets) of broccoli and cauliflower heads. Many plants have edible leaves too, … Read on to find out how to avoid bitter, seedy eggplants. Many edible plants need more maintenance than most common ornamental plants, such as regular pruning, supplemental watering, soil amendments, and frequent monitoring especially during harvest. Is brooccoli a plant or flower? Attested Greek forms include ματιζάνιον (matizanion, eleventh-century), μελιντζάνα (melintzana, fourteenth-century), and μελιντζάνιον (melintzanion, seventeenth-century). Plant eggplant when the soil temperature is at least 60°F, not sooner than 2 weeks after the last frost in spring. I hope you’ll make room for these wonderful fruits this growing season. The French name was then borrowed into British English, appearing there first in the late eighteenth century. Its numerous seeds are small, soft and edible, along with the rest of the fruit, and do not have to be removed. Crushed seeds from multiple species were once used to treat toothaches. [36] Eggplant flesh is smooth. General Plant Information ; Plant Habit: Herb/Forb: Life cycle: Perennial: Sun Requirements: Full Sun: Water Preferences: Mesic: Minimum cold hardiness: Zone 11 +4.4 °C (40 °F) to +7.2 °C (50 °F) Fruit: Showy Edible to birds: Uses: Vegetable Suitable as Annual: Edible Parts: Fruit: Toxicity: Leaves are poisonous: Pollinators: Various insects Several other names that are now invalid have been uniquely applied to it:[63], A number of subspecies and varieties have been named, mainly by Dikii, Dunal, and (invalidly) by Sweet. A mix of roasted eggplant, roasted red peppers, chopped onions, tomatoes, mushrooms, carrots, celery, and spices is called zacuscă in Romania, and ajvar or pinjur in the Balkans. The first known written record of the plant is found in Qimin Yaoshu, an ancient Chinese agricultural treatise completed in 544 C.E. Hearts of. Parmigiana di melanzane, eggplant parmesan. n. The fruit of the eggplant{1}. Another version of the dish, begun-pora (eggplant charred or burnt), is very popular in Bangladesh and the east Indian states of Odisha and West Bengal where the pulp of the vegetable is mixed with raw chopped shallot, green chilies, salt, fresh coriander, and mustard oil. The genetic origin of eggplants, at least those belonging to Solanum melongena (our common culinary eggplants), is presumed to be India or Southeast Asia, hence the immense biodiversity of eggplants in those parts of the world. It provides low amounts of essential nutrients, with only manganese having a moderate percentage (11%) of the Daily Value. Seeds, skin and stems are the edible parts of the plant. [16], The eggplant has a special place in folklore. Rhubarb. The Indic word vātiṅ-gaṇa was then borrowed into Persian as bādingān. According to the entry brinjal in the Oxford English Dictionary, the Sanskrit word vātin-gāna denoted 'the class (that removes) the wind-disorder (windy humour)': that is, vātin-gāna came to be the name for eggplants because they were thought to cure flatulence. Mustard plant have two edible parts (1) Leaves are used as leafy vegetable (2) Seeds of mustard plant are used to extract mustard oil. [8] In 2018, China and India combined accounted for 87% of the world production of eggplants. Mulching helps conserve moisture and prevent weeds and fungal diseases and the plants benefit from some shade during the hottest part of the day. In 2018, world production of eggplants was 54 million tonnes, led by China with 63% of the total and India with 24% (table). For the average adult, 400 mg of solanine would be life-threatening. Solanum trongum Poir. Plantation of seeds for growing brinjal in pots: Brinjal plants will need a temperature of minimum 13°C or more, which will be tough to provide in the outdoor location at the time of spring. Edible plants may attract other animals that will compete with you for the harvest, such as birds, rabbits, squirrels, deer, insects, etc. Shoots. [31] This variety was designed to give the plant resistance to lepidopteran insects such as the brinjal fruit and shoot borer (Leucinodes orbonalis) and fruit borer (Helicoverpa armigera). [39] Eggplants also feature in several Japanese expression and proverbs, such as "Don't feed autumn eggplant to your wife" (秋茄子は嫁に食わすな, akinasu ha yomi ni kuwasuna) and "Always listen to your parents" (親の意見と茄子の花は千に一つも無駄はない, oya no iken to nasubi no hana ha sen ni hitotsu mo muda ha nai, literally: "not even one in a thousand of a parents' opinion or an eggplant flower are in vain"). [56], The color of purple skin cultivars is due to the anthocyanin nasunin. 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